This book summarizes the formation, development, and main types of traditional printing and dyeing techniques in China and Japan. It provides a detailed introduction to the development process, technical characteristics, production procedures, pattern features, and artistic styles of various stencil dyeing techniques in Japan. Additionally, it explores the connections between stencil dyeing practices of the two countries from both technical and economic perspectives, and conducts an in-depth analysis of their stencil dyeing art—covering process flows, pattern characteristics, and artistic traits—through a wealth of accurate and exquisite physical images. Furthermore, by investigating users' practices, the book analyzes the differences in the artistic characteristics of stencil dyeing between the two countries from both technical and aesthetic dimensions. It can serve as a reference book for teachers and students majoring in Textile Dyeing & Finishing and Fashion Design, as well as a learning guide for cultural and creative enterprises or handcraft enthusiasts.