What kind of social system should a nation or a country choose for themselves? This is determined by the tradition and the historical genes of this nation or country. From the system of enfeoffment to the system of prefectures and counties, from the well-field system to the average-land system, from the hereditary system to the imperial examination system... the Chinese civilization matured early, and has been through various changes of the dynasties. The concept of centralization and grand unification, the idea of people generated from the flat society, these go through the entire history, and have become the ideal foundation where Scientific Socialism in China is constructed and developed.

What are the basic features of the traditional Chinese culture? What are the historical reasons for China keeping on the socialist path? What are the historical roots for China to have a unitary state which regards the central government as its core? Through answering these questions and exploring the historical progress of establishing a modern China by the Communist Party of China, the author argues that it is necessary for China to choose a unitary state with a centralized government, and to choose the socialist path. This is a historical inevitability, and a choice made by the people and the reality.